Endocrine Abstracts

Obesity is linked to common metabolic diseases including insulin resistance, which constitutes a principal risk factor for type 2 diabetes. Increasing evidence indicates that changes in adipose-secreted factors in obesity, dramatically affect insulin sensitivity. Among these adipokines, resistin is described as a key factor in obesity-mediated both inflammation and insulin resistance. However, little is known about the molecular mechanisms mediating resistin effects particular...

Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids modulate the risk factors for metabolic syndrome via multiple mechanisms. However, their underlying mechanisms on insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes are still unknown. Here, we report that Odontella aurita, a microalga rich in the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), prevents high saturated fat diet induced insulin resistance and inflammation in the liver of Wistar rats. High fat diet (HFD), given for 8 weeks, ...

FGF21 has recently emerged as a major regulator of metabolism and energy utilisation. FGF21 administration confers multiple metabolic benefits on insulin sensitivity, blood glucose, lipid profile and body weight in rodents and primates. FGF21 acts through a receptor complex consisting of FGF receptors (FGFR 1, 2, 3 or 4) and a co-receptor βKlotho (KLB), crucially required for FGF21 signaling. Although FGFRs are widely expressed, KLB is predominantly expressed in adipose t...

Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) has a critical role in innate immunity, and the activation of inflammatory pathways plays an important role in the induction of insulin resistance. Indeed, we have recently demonstrated that TLR4 is implicated in resistin-induced inflammation and insulin resistance in the hypothalamus.1 We have also shown that TLR4 is up-regulated in the hypothalamus of mice fed a high-fat diet. Here, we aim to decipher the molecular mechanisms implicated...

Resistin promotes both inflammation and insulin resistance associated with energy homeostasis impairment. Resistin is secreted by adipose tissue and macrophages, but its mechanism of action remained unknown because its receptor was not characterised. Recently, we have shown that central resistin acts by way of hypothalamic TLR4 receptors promoting overall inflammation and insulin resistance. Here, we aim to block resistin action in HFD mice that are prone to obesity and inflam...